A few smart folks have already put together their thoughts on responsive tables and, while I think the proposed methods are pretty good, I think there might be room for improvement. As such, I’ve been tinkering for a while and came up with the following strategy when it comes to tables.
This is designed to turn tables into rows, for easy mobile viewing
JQuery:
/*Mark TDs as empty if they have no text or img*/
$('table td').each(function(){
if ($(this).text().trim().length < 1 && $(this).find('img').length < 1){
$(this).addClass('empty-td');
}
});
/*Add Attribute to each TD in table*/
$('table').each(function () {
var table = $(this);
if ($(this).find('th').length > 1) {
$(this).find('tr').first().children().each(function (index) {
//console.log($(this).text());
$(this).addClass('hide-table-header');
table.find('td:nth-of-type(' + (index + 1) + ')').attr('header-title', $(this).text());
});
} else {
table.addClass('no-table-header');
}
});
CSS:
@media only screen and (max-width: 992px),(min-device-width: 768px) and (max-device-width: 1024px) {
/* Force table to not be like tables anymore */
table, thead, tbody, td, th, tr {
display: block;
}
table td:empty,
table th,
table thead,
table .empty-td,
table .hide-table-header{
display:none;
}
tr {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
}
td {
border: none;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
position: relative;
padding-left: 50% !important;
}
td:before {
content: attr(header-title);
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
height: 100%;
/* Top/left values mimic padding */
width: 45%;
/*white-space: nowrap;*/
background:grey;
padding-top:inherit;
padding-right:inherit;
padding-bottom:inherit;
padding-left:5%;
}
table.badtable td:before{
content: normal;
}
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Edit: This have been redesigned into using Floats instead of position:absolute, and support for colspan and rowspan but it's less plugin-and-play than version #1.
Version 2 below:
JS:
/*Start Fill out rowspans and colspans so that nth-child works properly.*/
$('td[rowspan]').each(function(index){
var startingRowNumber = $(this).parent('tr').index();
var number = $(this).attr('rowspan');
if (number > 0){
for (i = 1; i < number; i++) {
var clone = $(this).clone(true);
clone.addClass('responsive-table-styled-hide-in-desktop');
$(this).parent('tr').parent().children('tr').eq(startingRowNumber + i).children('td:nth-of-type(' + (index + 1) + ')').before(clone);
}
}
});
$('td[colspan]').each(function(){
var number = $(this).attr('colspan');
if (number > 0){
for (i = 1; i < number; i++) {
$(this).before('');
}
}
});
/*End Fill out rowspans and colspans so that nth-child works properly.*/
/*Start Hide unnecessary sections in mobile.*/
$('table td').each(function () {
if ($(this).text().trim().length < 1 && $(this).find('img,input').length < 1) {
$(this).addClass('empty-td');
}
});
/*End Hide unnecessary sections in mobile.*/
/*Start Add attribute "header-title" to each TD in table*/
$('table').each(function () {
var table = $(this);
if (table.find('th').length > 1 && table.find('table').length === 0) {
table.addClass('responsive-table-styled');
var headerRow = table.find('tr').first();
/*Start multi-row s*/
if (headerRow.next().length > 0 && headerRow.next().children('td').length == 0) {
var firstTextRow = table.find('td').first().parent();
headerRow.nextUntil(firstTextRow).addClass('hide-table-header').children('th').each(function () {
var text = $(this).text().trim();
var index = $(this).index();
if (text.length > 0) {
headerRow.find('td,th').eq(index).append(' (' + text + ') ');
}
});
}
/*End multi-row s*/
headerRow.children().each(function (index) {
$(this).addClass('hide-table-header');
var title = $(this).text().trim();
if (title.length > 0) {
table.find('td:nth-of-type(' + (index + 1) + ')').attr('header-title', title);
}
});
} else {
table.addClass('no-table-header');
}
});
/*End Add attribute "header-title" to each TD in table*/
CSS:
/*Start Table code*/
@media (min-width:1200px){
.responsive-table-styled-hide-in-desktop {
display: none !important;
}
}
@media (max-width:1119px){
table, thead, tbody, td, th, tr {
display: block;
}
td:empty,
/* th, */
thead,
.empty-td,
.hide-table-header {
display: none;
}
table.responsive-table-styled{
border:none;
background:none;
}
.responsive-table-styled tr {
border: 1px solid #7F7F7F;
margin-bottom:30px;
background-color:#E9EDF4;
}
.responsive-table-styled td{
/* position: relative; */
border-top: none;
border-left: none;
border-right: none;
border-bottom: 1px solid #7F7F7F;
width:100%;
box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
height: auto;
padding:10px;
}
.responsive-table-styled td[header-title]{
padding-left: 50% !important;/*Make space for the floating element, and force this column to be 50%.*/
}
.responsive-table-styled td[header-title]:before {
content: attr(header-title);
padding-right: 10px;
background: #F6AD76;
color: white;
font-weight: 700;
/* position: absolute; */
/* top: 0; */
/* left: 0; */
/* height: 100%; */
/* width: 45%; */
float: left;
padding-top: inherit;
padding-right: inherit;
padding-bottom: inherit;
padding-left: 5%;
margin-top: -10px;/*size of padding*/
margin-bottom: -10px;/*size of padding*/
/*margin-left: -10px;*//*size of padding*/
margin-left: calc( -10px - 100%);/*100% = 50% of parent*/
width: 100%;/*100% = 50% of parent*/
}
.responsive-table-styled td[header-title]:after{ /*float clearfix*/
content: "";
clear: both;
display: table;
}
}
/*End Table code*/
Version 3: Flexbox edition! This has trouble with multiple children inside the TD. Therefore, it wraps any that have children with a div. This is much more invasive, but should be okay in 99% of cases.
JS:
/*Start Responsive Tables*/
/*Start Fill out rowspans and colspans so that nth-child works properly.*/
$('td[rowspan]').each(function (index) {
var startingRowNumber = $(this).parent('tr').index();
var number = $(this).attr('rowspan');
if (number > 0) {
for (i = 1; i < number; i++) {
var clone = $(this).clone(true);
clone.addClass('responsive-table-styled-hide-in-desktop');
$(this).parent('tr').parent().children('tr').eq(startingRowNumber + i).children('td:nth-of-type(' + (index + 1) + ')').before(clone);
}
}
});
$('td[colspan]').each(function () {
var number = $(this).attr('colspan');
if (number > 0) {
for (i = 1; i < number; i++) {
$(this).before('');
}
}
});
/*End Fill out rowspans and colspans so that nth-child works properly.*/
/*Start Hide unnecessary sections in mobile.*/
$('table td').each(function () {
if ($(this).text().trim().length < 1 && $(this).find('img,input').length < 1) {
$(this).addClass('empty-td');
}
});
/*End Hide unnecessary sections in mobile.*/
/*Start Add attribute "header-title" to each TD in table*/
$('table').each(function () {
var table = $(this);
if (table.find('th').length > 1 && table.find('table').length === 0) {
table.addClass('responsive-table-styled');
var headerRow = table.find('tr').first();
/*Start multi-row s*/
if (headerRow.next().length > 0 && headerRow.next().children('td').length == 0) {
var firstTextRow = table.find('td').first().parent();
headerRow.nextUntil(firstTextRow).addClass('hide-table-header').children('th').each(function () {
var text = $(this).text().trim();
var index = $(this).index();
if (text.length > 0) {
headerRow.find('td,th').eq(index).append(' (' + text + ') ');
}
});
}
/*End multi-row s*/
headerRow.children().each(function (index) {
$(this).addClass('hide-table-header');
var title = $(this).text().trim();
if (title.length > 0) {
table.find('td:nth-of-type(' + (index + 1) + ')').each(function () {
$(this).attr('header-title', title);
if ($(this).contents().filter(function () {
return this.nodeType === 3;
}).text().trim().length < 1) {
$(this).children().wrapAll("<div class='responsive-table-inserted-div' />");
}
});
}
});
} else {
table.addClass('no-table-header');
}
});
/*End Add attribute "header-title" to each TD in table*/
/*End Responsive Tables*/
CSS:
/*Start Table code*/
@media (min-width:1200px){
.responsive-table-styled-hide-in-desktop {
display: none !important;
}
}
@media (max-width:1119px){
table.responsive-table-styled,
.responsive-table-styled thead,
.responsive-table-styled tbody,
.responsive-table-styled td,
.responsive-table-styled th,
.responsive-table-styled tr {
display: block;
}
.responsive-table-styled td:empty,
.responsive-table-styled .empty-td,
.responsive-table-styled .hide-table-header {
display: none;
}
table.responsive-table-styled{
border:none;
background:none;
word-break:break-word;
}
.responsive-table-styled tr {
border: 1px solid #7F7F7F;
margin-bottom:30px;
background-color:#E9EDF4;
}
.responsive-table-styled td{
/* position: relative; */
border-top: none;
border-left: none;
border-right: none;
border-bottom: 1px solid #7F7F7F;
width:100%;
box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
height: auto;
padding:10px;
}
.responsive-table-styled td[header-title]{
display:flex;
direction:rtl;
}
.responsive-table-styled td[header-title]:before {
flex: 0 0 35%;
content: attr(header-title);
padding-right: 10px;
background: #F6AD76;
color: white;
font-weight: 700;
padding-top: inherit;
padding-right: inherit;
padding-bottom: inherit;
padding-left: 3%;
margin:-10px -10px -10px 10px; /*10px = padding*/
}
.responsive-table-styled td[header-title]:after{ /*float clearfix*/
content: "";
clear: both;
display: table;
}
}
/*End Table code*/
Introduction
In Bootstrap 3, theming was largely driven by variable overrides in LESS, custom CSS, and a separate theme stylesheet that we included in our dist files. With some effort, one could completely redesign the look of Bootstrap 3 without touching the core files. Bootstrap 4 provides a familiar, but slightly different approach.
Now, theming is accomplished by Sass variables, Sass maps, and custom CSS. There’s no more dedicated theme stylesheet; instead, you can enable the built-in theme to add gradients, shadows, and more.
Sass
Utilize our source Sass files to take advantage of variables, maps, mixins, and more.
Setup
Import Bootstrap into a Sass file (for example, application.scss) to get all of Bootstrap's styles, mixins and variables, by copying the following code:
$icon-font-path: "./fonts/bootstrap/"; @import "bootstrap-variables"; @import "bootstrap";
You can also include optional Bootstrap theme:
@import "bootstrap/theme";
Customizing
By default, all of Bootstrap is imported.
You can change which components are imported by commenting out lines in "_bootstrap.scss"
The full list of Bootstrap variables can be found here. You can override these by simply editing the bootstrap-variables.sass file, redefining the variable before the main @import directive.
Note:Bootstrap requires the use of Autoprefixer, for full compatibilty. Autoprefixer adds vendor prefixes to CSS rules using values from Can I Use.
To match upstream Bootstrap's level of browser compatibility, you might want to set Autoprefixer's browsers option to:
[ "Android 2.3", "Android >= 4", "Chrome >= 20", "Firefox >= 24", "Explorer >= 8", "iOS >= 6", "Opera >= 12", "Safari >= 6" ]
Source: https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap-sass
SCSS tips and tricks
Some things in CSS are a bit tedious to write, especially with CSS3 and the many vendor prefixes that exist. A mixin lets you make groups of CSS declarations that you want to reuse throughout your site. You can even pass in values to make your mixin more flexible. A good use of a mixin is for vendor prefixes. Here's an example for transform.
@function ConvertToREM($pxval) {
$unit: unit($pxval);
@if $unit == "px" {
$val: parseInt($pxval);
@return #{$val / $baseFontSize}rem;
} @else {
@return #{$pxval / $baseFontSize}rem;
}
}
/*This mixin creates input Placeholder CSS. Example: */
/*@include placeholder {
color: white;
font-weight:100;
}*/
@mixin placeholder {
&::-webkit-input-placeholder {@content}
&::-moz-placeholder {@content}
&:-ms-input-placeholder {@content}
&::placeholder {@content}
}
@mixin clearfix() {
&:before,
&:after {
content: "";
display: table;
clear: both;
}
}
/*This duplicates Bootstrap 4's .container class.*/
@mixin container(){
width: 100%;
padding-right: 15px;
padding-left: 15px;
margin-right: auto;
margin-left: auto;
@media (min-width: 576px) {
max-width: 540px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px){
max-width: 720px;
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
max-width: 960px;
}
@media (min-width: 1200px){
max-width: 1140px;
}
}
/*This mixin uses math to help calculate colors with opacity.*/
/*Use it as follows: background: alphaize(#73d6ff, #a0def5,0);*/
@function alphaize($desired-color, $background-color, $minimum-alpha: 0) {
$r1: red($background-color);
$g1: green($background-color);
$b1: blue($background-color);
$r2: red($desired-color);
$g2: green($desired-color);
$b2: blue($desired-color);
$alpha: 0;
$r: -1;
$g: -1;
$b: -1;
@while $alpha < 1 and ($r < 0 or $g < 0 or $b < 0
or $r > 255 or $g > 255 or $b > 255 or $alpha < $minimum-alpha) {
$alpha: $alpha + 1/256;
$inv: 1 / $alpha;
$r: $r2 * $inv + $r1 * (1 - $inv);
$g: $g2 * $inv + $g1 * (1 - $inv);
$b: $b2 * $inv + $b1 * (1 - $inv);
}
@return rgba($r, $g, $b, $alpha);
}